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History of the Chronograph Watch The Greek words "chronos" and "graph" stand for "time" and "writing". A chronograph is a chronometric (time-measuring) device which contains a mechanism that allows to stop at least one hand to facilitate reading of the elapsed time.  The chronograph was invented by a Frenchman, named Rieussec, back in 1821. Literally, this was the only timepiece that bore the name Chronograph rightly. It was actually written on the dial with a small pen attached to the index. The length of the arc of the circle displayed the time that had passed. The index was fixed, while the dial turned. In 1822, Rieussec was granted a patent for his invention. Around 1910, the chronograph, also refered to as stopwatch, was introduced as a wrist watch. Soon it was a very sought after type of watch, only to gain in popularity through the years. When the Swatch watch company started the production of affordable and fashionable chrono's in early 1990, they sold like hot cakes, as were the later versions. Nowadays, almost every respectable watch company has a chonograph in its collection. Chronographs are watches that can meassure time in different ways. Besides normal timekeeping, they can be used for one or more specific time measurements. For this, the dial has several sub dials with a scale, from which the measurements can be read. A central second hand can be started and stopped, without interfering with the continuous time. The design of the dial of chronographs depends on the number of subsidiary dials. This can be two, three or even four. One of them is likely to be situated on the "9" of the dial, and shows the continuous seconds. When the chronograph is activated by pushing the top button, the central seconds hands starts moving. After one complete cycle is completed and the hand has returned to "12", the minute-indicator, located at the "3", will jump one position. With this simple type of chronograph a period of 30 or 45 minutes can be measured.  The developpement of the chronograph folllowed the technical innovation of the wrist watch very closely. When in the 1930's manufacturers started producing waterproof watches, this know how was used in the production of chronographs shortly after. In 1933, the firm Universal introduced the first waterproof chronograph to the public under the name "Colonial". And shortly after developpers managed to protect the movement of a watch against magnetical influences, the first anti-magnetic chronograph followed. More complicated chrono's have a subregister for total hours, often located at 6 o'clock on the dial. This enable to take measurements up to 12 hours. Even fairly simple chronographs have a very complicated movement. As a rule, a chronograph is more expensive than a normal or automatic watch, due to the complexity and craftmenship necessary for manufacturing.
A History of Tag Heuer Watches Edouard Heuer founded his workshop in 1860. His aim was to take time measurement more precise. The company has always been known for as the “avant-garde of watchmaking”, in terms of technology, the choice of materials or design. Heuer’s watches have been patented for a chronograph mechanism first in 1882 onto the 1998 launch of the Kirium Ti5 in grade 5 titanium and carbon fiber; from the first chronograph measuring 100ths of a second (1916) to the first analog display quartz chronograph (1983), not forgetting the first automatic chronograph with a microrotor (1969).  Heuer’s continusing presence within the watchmaking world secured his place in history. This mastery is reflected in the impressive number of patents making TAG Heuer one of the key references in Swiss Made watch-making know-how. For 142 years, the company has confirmed its initial vocation: producing watches that constantly push back the frontiers of precision, reliability and aesthetics. That is why the TAG Heuer philosophy is symbolized by the slogan “Swiss Avant-Garde since 1860”. TAG Heuer's involvement in sports dates back to 1860, when company founder Edouard Heuer decided to direct his watchmaking efforts towards sports watches in general, and chronographs in particular. Building on its products' reputation for precision, endurance and technical innovation, the Heuer brand became closely identified with the world of competitive sports, notably Formula 1 racing, sailing and skiing. These various partnerships have allowed TAG Heuer to develop a unique watchmaking know how in prestigious sports watches and chronographs, with world famous timepieces like the Carrera, Monaco, Chronosplit Manhattan, 2000 series and more recently the Kirium F1. Current Tag Heuer Models The current Tag Heuer collection includes Formula 1, Alter Ego, 2000 Series, Link, Kirium, Kirium F1, Microtimer, Targa Florio, Carrera, Monaco and Monza.
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 A History of Rolex Watches
Official Chronometer Certification was awarded to Rolex in 1910 from the “Bureau Officiel” in Switzerland, the first time this had ever been given to a wristwatch. This was to be the first of many accolades awarded to the watch, including the Class A Precision from the Kew Observatory in 1914. In 1926 the Rolex Oyster was released. It was the first wristwatch to be considered waterproof, proven a year later when the watch was worn by the swimmer Mercedes Gleitze in his successful bid to cross the English Channel. This was beneficial to Wilsdorf whom had sponsored the event and gained considerable exposure for his new Oyster Watch. Wilsdorf recognized the importance of advertising and marketing his creation in order to gain publicity and prestige. 1931 saw the creation of the Perpetual Rotor, a mechanism now seen as the basis for self-winding movements. In the following years Rolex released the first Oyster Perpetual Lady-date (1954) the GMT Master with dual time zone function (1955) and the first Day-Date (1956). Andre Heiniger took over the company following the death of Hans Wildorf on 06 July 1960. Rolex continued to invent and innovate in terms of technical skill and style throughout the 2nd half of the century. The Sea-dweller (1967) was certified as reaching depths of up to 1,220 meters making it the choice for Professional Divers - a point that was quickly adopted in advertising the model. The Explorer II (1978) and Cosmograph Daytona (1988) were also released to international waiting lists securing Rolex as one of the worlds most prestigious watch brands.
Rolex Dateline 1905 - Hans Wildorf establishes a London firm specialising in the distribution of watches. 1908 - Wildorf coins a brand name in which to sign his creations: Rolex. 1910 - In Switzerland, Rolex obtains the first official chronometer certification ever awarded to a wristwatch. 1914 - The Kew Observatory in Great Britain awards the Rolex wristwatch a CLASS A precision certificate. 1926 - Rolex develops and patents the first airtight, dustproof and waterproof watch - named the Oyster. 1927 - The Rolex Oyster crosses the English Channel unscathed. 1931 - Birth of the Perpetual Rotor, a self winding mechanism later found in every modern automatic watch. 1945 - The Oyster Datejust is invented. The first watch to display the date automatically. 1953 - Rolex has created the diving watch of reference - the Submariner. 1954 - The Oyster Perpetual Ladydate is introduced. 1955 - The Oyster GMT Master is designed making it possible to read the time in any two time zones. 1956 - The Oyster Day-Date is created. 1960 - The so called Bathyscaphe is created and plunges 35,787 feet into the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. 1967 - The Oyster Sea-Dweller is invented - waterproof to a depth of 610 m / 2001 ft. 1971 - The Oyster Explorer II is designed. 1978 - The Oyster Perpetual Date Sea-Dweller is tested waterproof to a depth of 1220 m / 4003 ft. 1988 - The first Cosmograph Daytona is fitted with a perpetual rotor. 1992 - A new model is added to the Professioanl range - the Yacht-Master. 2004 - Submariner celebrates its 50th Anniversary. Rolex celebrates with a special commemorative model with a green bezel and unique black dial.
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